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1.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 22(4): 449-454, Oct.-Dec. 2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975616

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Papillary thyroid carcinoma has a very high rate of lateral neck node metastases, and there is almost unanimity concerning the fact that some sort of formal neck dissection must be performed to address the clinical neck disease in these cases. Although there is an agreement that levels II to IV need to be cleared in these patients, the clearance of level V is debatable. Objectives We herein have tried to analyze various papers that have documented a structured approach to neck dissection in these patients. Moreover, we have also tried to consider this issue through various aspects, like spinal accessory nerve injury and the impact of neck recurrence on survival. Data Synthesis The PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), and Ovid databases were searched for studies written in English that focused on lateral neck dissection (levels II-IV or II-V) for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Case reports with 10 patients or less were excluded. Conclusions The current evidence is equivocal whether to clear level V or not, and the studies published on this issue are very heterogeneous. Level II-IV versus level II-V selective neck dissections in node-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma patients is far from categorical, with pros and cons for both approaches. Hence, we feel that there is a need for more robust homogeneous data in order to provide an answer to this question.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Neck Dissection , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , /surgery , Shoulder/physiopathology , Accessory Nerve/surgery , Lymph Nodes/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasm Staging
2.
Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol ; 80(2): 113-120, jun. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-757164

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados preliminares en 10 casos de transferencias del nervio espinal accesorio al nervio supraescapular en parálisis obstétricas del plexo braquial. Materiales y Métodos: Entre 2010 y 2012, se realizaron 16 transferencias del nervio espinal accesorio al nervio supraescapular en parálisis obstétricas del plexo braquial. Se incluyeron 10 casos con un seguimiento mínimo de 18 meses. Se evaluó la fuerza muscular del hombro según la escala de Gilbert y se usaron escalas funcionales de Mallet y de Gilbert. Se compararon valores preoperatorios y posoperatorios, así como las diferencias entre parálisis de tipo parcial y total. Se usó la prueba de Student para valorar la significancia estadística de los datos. Resultados: El seguimiento promedio fue de 20.9 meses. Se hallaron valores medios preoperatorios de fuerza de abducción de 0,48 M, y posoperatorios de 2,70 M; los valores de rotación externa preoperatorios fueron de 0 M y, al final del seguimiento, de 2,4 M. Todos los pacientes mostraban patrones preoperatorios de tipo 1 tanto de la escala de Mallet como la de Gilbert, con valores posoperatorios promedio de 3,2 y 3,5, respectivamente. Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre estos valores. Conclusiones: Esta serie presenta valores preliminares con un seguimiento corto y su principal crítica es el bajo número de casos. Los resultados funcionales obtenidos coinciden con los de otros reportes, y avalan su uso en las reconstrucciones del plexo braquial que requieran aporte extraplexual.


Background: To evaluate the preliminary results of spinal accessory nerve to suprascapular nerve transfer in obstetric brachial plexus palsy. Methods: Between 2010 and 2012, 16 transfers of spinal accessory nerve to suprascapular nerve were performed in obstetric brachial plexus palsy. Ten patients with a minimum follow-up of 18 months were included. Values of muscle power were assessed according to the Gilbert scale, and functional scales of the shoulder (Mallet and Gilbert) were used. Preoperative and postoperative values, and the differences between partial and total paralysis results were compared. Student test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The average follow-up was 20.9 months. Preoperative shoulder abduction power was 0.48 M, preoperative external rotation power was 0 M, and those values at the end of the follow-up were 2.70 M and 2.4 M, respectively. All patients had type 1 patterns of the Gilbert and Mallet scales, with mean postoperative values of 3.2 and 3.5, respectively. Statistically significant differences were found between these values. Conclusions: Limitations of this preliminary report are the short follow-up and the low number of cases. However, the functional results obtained are consistent with those from other reports, and they support the use of the spinal accessory nerve to suprascapular nerve transfer in brachial plexus reconstructions requiring an extra-plexual contribution.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Brachial Plexus Neuropathies , Accessory Nerve/surgery , Paralysis, Obstetric , Brachial Plexus/surgery , Brachial Plexus/injuries , Nerve Transfer/methods , Shoulder Joint/physiopathology , Follow-Up Studies , Range of Motion, Articular , Treatment Outcome
3.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 30(3)set. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-613347

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Os autores realizaram uma avaliação comparativa entre a abordagem anterior e posterior do nervo acessório para transferência nervosa para o nervo supraescapular. Método: Foram estudados pacientes submetidos à neurotização do nervo supraescapular utilizando como doador o nervo acessório, no período de janeiro de 2007 a janeiro de 2010. Os registros cirúrgicos foram avaliados para analisar as vantagens e desvantagens das duas formas de abordagem desses nervos na cirurgia. Foram avaliados os marcos anatômicos utilizados para a localização dos nervos durante a cirurgia e as dificuldades ocorridas nas duas formas de abordagem. Resultados: Foram estudados ao todo 29 pacientes, sendo que 22 deles foram abordados pela via anterior e sete por via posterior. A localização do nervo supraclavicular foi considerada mais fácil pela via posterior, enquanto a localização do nervo acessório foi feita mais rapidamente pela via anterior. Em nenhuma das cirurgias foi necessária a interposição de enxerto nervoso. Não ocorreram complicações cirúrgicas nas duas técnicas. Conclusão: A análise comparativa das duas abordagens cirúrgicas demonstra que a anatomia desses dois nervos é importante fator na dificuldade técnica apresentada na cirurgia. Novos estudos devem analisar se há uma melhora dos resultados funcionais com a abordagem pela via posterior.


Objective: The authors conducted a comparative evaluation between the previous approach and later transfer accessory nerve to nerve nervous supraescapular. Method: Patients undergoing the nerve supraescapular transfer to the accessory nerve, in the period January 2007 to January 2010 were studied. Surgical records were evaluated to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the two ways to approach these nerves in surgery. The anatomical landmarks used for localization of nerves during surgery were evaluated and the difficulties that occurred in the two forms of approaches. Results: Were studied in all 29 patients, with 22 of these were addressed through anterior and 7 through posterior. The location of supraclavicular nerve was considered easier through posterior approach, while the localization of accessory nerve was made more quickly through anterior. In none of the surgeries were required the interposition graft nervous. Non-surgical complications occurred in two techniques. Conclusion: A comparative analysis of two forms of surgical approach demonstrates that knowledge of the anatomy of these two nerves is important factor in technical difficulty presented in surgery. New long-term studies should examine whether there is an improvement of the functional results with the approach through posterior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Nerve Transfer , Accessory Nerve/surgery , Brachial Plexus/surgery
4.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 77(2): 259-262, Mar.-Apr. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-583840

ABSTRACT

Tthe most common complication of neck dissection is shoulder dysfunction due to manipulation of spinal accessory nerve, resulting in trapezius muscle atrophy mainly in procedures involving the posterior neck triangle. AIM: This study used electromyography to evaluate the injury to the spinal accessory nerve following neck dissection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective case series of 51 patients submitted to 60 neck dissections followed by physical therapy evaluation of shoulder dysfunction. Nerve integrity was evaluated before and after the surgery by means of surface EMG registering the electric activity of the trapezius muscle during voluntary contraction. The patients were grouped according to the type of neck dissection, presence of shoulder pain, impairment during abduction movement and hypotrophy/atrophy of the trapezius muscle. RESULTS: Action potential had median values of 54.3 microV before surgery and 11.6 microV after it (p<0.001). There was a mean decrease of 70 percent comparing to preoperative values. The median was 12.5 microV after dissection including level IIb, and 8.9 microV after dissection including levels IIb and V (p<0.002). CONCLUSION: Surface EMG is a sensitive and painless method for spinal accessory nerve dysfunction evaluation. The results suggest the usefulness of the trapezius muscle electromyography to confirm diagnosis and early physical therapy intervention in neuropathies of the spinal accessory nerve.


Uma das complicações mais comuns do esvaziamento cervical é a disfunção do ombro devido à manipulação do nervo acessório, que resulta na atrofia do músculo trapézio. OBJETIVO: Avaliar com eletromiografia de superfície (EMGs) a lesão do XI par decorrente do esvaziamento cervical. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo com 51 pacientes (60 esvaziamentos cervicais) tratados de câncer de cabeça e pescoço. A função do nervo acessório foi avaliada no período pré e pós-operatório com registro da atividade elétrica das fibras descendentes do músculo trapézio em contração isométrica voluntária máxima. Os pacientes foram agrupados pelo tipo de esvaziamento e movimento de abdução do braço. RESULTADOS: O potencial de ação apresentou mediana de 54,3 microV no pré-operatório e 11,6 microV no pós-operatório (p<0,001). Os valores registrados no pós-operatório apresentaram decréscimo médio de 70 por cento (20 por cento a 94 por cento) em relação aos valores pré-operatórios. Com relação à extensão do EC, foram observadas medianas de 12,5 microV após o esvaziamento do nível iib e 8,9 microV com o esvaziamento dos níveis iib+V (p=0,002). CONCLUSÃO: A eletromiografia de superfície é um método quantitativo, sensível e indolor para complementar o diagnóstico da disfunção do XI par. Os achados sugerem a utilidade da EMGs do músculo trapézio para confirmar o diagnóstico e orientar a intervenção precoce da fisioterapia.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Accessory Nerve/injuries , Neck Dissection/adverse effects , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Shoulder/innervation , Accessory Nerve/physiopathology , Accessory Nerve/surgery , Electromyography , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Prospective Studies , Shoulder Pain/physiopathology , Shoulder Pain/surgery , Shoulder/surgery
5.
Rev. cuba. ortop. traumatol ; 11(1/2): 41-5, 1997. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-248988

ABSTRACT

Se reporta la experiencia en el tratamiento de un grupo de 19 pacientes con lesiones avulsivas radiculares del plexo braquial entre 1990 y 1993, con un seguimiento de más de 24 meses. La neurotización del nervio musculocutáneo con los nervios frénico e intercostales resultó en una flexión activa del codo en 9 pacientes (49,9 porciento)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Adolescent , Accessory Nerve/surgery , Brachial Plexus/injuries , Elbow/innervation , Nerve Transfer , Phrenic Nerve/surgery
6.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 19(1): 16-20, jan.-fev. 1992.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-108467

ABSTRACT

O esvaziamento cervical radical e de indicaçao frequente na indicaçao terapeutica do cancer da cabeça e pescoço. A dor, disfunçao e quedado ombro sao as principais consequencias desse tratamento e apresentam importante papel na reintegraçao social e ocupacional dos pacientes. De fevereiro del980 a abril de l987 no Serviço de Cabeça e Pescoço do Hospital Heliopolis- SaoPaulo, foram realizados 91 esvaziamentos cervicais radicais modificados pela dissecçao,secçao e sutura do nervo espinal,com intuito de minimizar os efeitos resultantes da disfunçao da musculatura da cintura escapular.Sao apresentados atecnica utilizada e os resultados quanto a reinervaçao do musculo trapezio,que atinge de 50% a 80% da funçao normal(71%dos casos) em intervalos variaveis de tempo entre 3 e 12 meses.Trata-se de uma intervençao que nao prejudica o tempo operatorio e que,principalmente,nao compromete a radicalidade, podendo ser considerada em serviços nao especializados e naqueles que eventualmente tratam de pacientes portadores de cancer da regiao cervico-facial.


Subject(s)
Neck Dissection , Accessory Nerve/surgery , Shoulder , Spinal Nerves/surgery , Sutures
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